Creeds
Σύμβολον τῆς Νικαίας-Κωνσταντινουπόλεως
The English text below is this school's own study translation, made directly from the Greek text confirmed by the Council of Constantinople in 381 — not the wording any denomination uses in worship.
In the original-language panel, only the clauses actually in dispute are given in Greek. A full Greek/Latin parallel text is printed in Philip Schaff's Creeds of Christendom, vol. 2 (1877), which is itself out of copyright.
The text below is the 381 original. It does not include the Western addition "and the Son" (filioque). What that addition is, and why it is left out, is explained under "Notes."
The school's Korean translations are released under CC BY 4.0: copy, adapt and distribute them for any purpose, including worship, teaching and print, as long as you credit “Blue Petra Learning Theology study translation”. The source texts themselves are in the public domain.
We believe in one God, the Father almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all things visible and invisible.
And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, begotten of the Father before all ages, light from light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, of one substance with the Father, through whom all things were made.
For us and for our salvation he came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Spirit of the Virgin Mary and became man. He was crucified for us under Pontius Pilate, suffered, and was buried. On the third day he rose again according to the Scriptures, ascended into heaven, and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, and his kingdom will have no end.
And we believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father, who together with the Father and the Son is worshiped and glorified, who spoke through the prophets.
We believe in one, holy, catholic, and apostolic Church. We confess one baptism for the forgiveness of sins. We look for the resurrection of the dead and the life of the age to come. Amen.
아버지와 본질이 같으시고 — 325년 니케아가 아리우스에 맞서 세운 낱말입니다.
ὁμοούσιον τῷ Πατρί
그는 아버지에게서 나오시며 — 성령의 발출에 관한 381년의 표현입니다. 서방이 뒤에 덧붙인 구절은 여기에 없습니다.
τὸ ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἐκπορευόμενον
지음받지 않고 나셨으며
γεννηθέντα οὐ ποιηθέντα
The 381 text says only that the Spirit "proceeds from the Father." From the sixth century on, the Western church added "and the Son" (filioque), and that addition became one of the theological flashpoints of the 1054 schism between East and West.
The dispute has two layers.
The Eastern objection weighed more heavily on the second point. Most Western churches today confess the creed with the clause included, but this library prints the 381 original. Showing the document as it stands is the point of reading a primary source; what each denomination confesses, and how, belongs in that denomination's own liturgy.
This single word split the whole fourth century. Arius held that the Son was of a similar substance to the Father (ὁμοιούσιος); Nicaea determined he was of the same substance (ὁμοούσιος) — one letter (ι) apart in Greek.
Here too, "catholic" (καθολικήν) does not mean the Roman Catholic Church. "Apostolic" means standing on the apostles' teaching; whether it also implies a succession of office is read differently by different traditions.